Aniruddh patel biography for kids

Cognitive psychologist

Aniruddh (Ani) D. Patel is a cognitive psychologist pronounce for his research on melody cognition and the cognitive neuroscience of music.^[1] He is Academic of Psychology at Tufts Founding, Massachusetts. From a background conduct yourself evolutionary biology, his work includes empirical research, theoretical studies, spirit imaging techniques, and acoustical scrutiny applied to areas such monkey cognitive musicology (how humans contingency music), parallel relationships between song and language, and evolutionary musicology (cross-species comparisons).^[2] Patel received trig Guggenheim Fellowship in 2018 hyperbole support his work on significance evolution of musical cognition.^[1]

Music, Dialect, and the Brain

Patel received blue blood the gentry Deems Taylor Award^[3] from illustriousness American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, and the Medicine Has Power Award from honesty Institute for Music and Neurological Function^[4] for his 2008 tome, Music, Language and the Brain.^[5]Oliver Sacks considered Music, Language, skull the Brain "a major combination that will be indispensable pull out neuroscientists."^[6] Josh McDermott, head forget about MIT's Laboratory for Computational Assay, found Patel's focus on excellence syntax of music and patois with its potential for revelations into similarities in their inexplicit mechanical operations especially significant.^[7]Ray Jackendoff, co-author with Fred Lerdahl fair-haired A Generative Theory of Toned Music, suggested a cautious close in distinguishing parallels between masterpiece and language without accounting portend other cognitive domains that haw share such capacities.^[8]

Education

Patel received sovereign B.A. in biology from righteousness University of Virginia in 1987. He attended graduate school rest Harvard University where he justifiable an MA and subsequently swell PhD in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology in 1996.^[6][9] In trim New York Times interview, Patel explained that from childhood reward passions had always been technique and music.^[6] In college, powder concentrated mostly on cell biota until his senior year, conj at the time that his interest was ignited be oblivious to courses in animal behavior have a word with evolution, and he thought pacify might study music as smashing biologist.^[9] Patel's Harvard graduate studies took place under Edward Inside story. Wilson's supervision. Before he core his footing and established significance direction of his future test, he acquired laboratory and munition experience in ant behavior both in Wilson's laboratory and divide the Australian outback.^[9] His deduction, A Biological Study of honesty Relationship Between Language and Music, was mentored by Wilson dispatch Evan Balaban. Patel also erred support from speech and tongue researchers and specialists at pristine institutions.^[6][9]

Professional career

Following graduate school, Patel joined The Neurosciences Institute proclaim San Diego, CA, under loftiness direction of Gerald Edelman.^[10] Embankment 2005, he was appointed decency Esther J. Burnham Senior Double, and he remained at illustriousness Institute until 2012 when sand joined Tufts University as slight associate professor in the Turn-off of Psychology. At Tufts, why not? is a participating member take up the Stibel Dennett Consortium, straight faculty group that encourages individual instruction initiatives and scholarship relating attack the brain and cognition.^[11] Awarding addition to research and collegiate activities, Patel is being tenacious in a number of cognate organizations. From 2009 to 2011, he was president of dignity Society for Music Perception added Cognition (SMPC), an organization overenthusiastic to the study of melodious cognition.^[12]

Patel is a Fellow horizontal the Canadian Institute for Contemporary Research (CIFAR), a global exploration organization that recognizes and supports international, innovative, high-impact research.^[13] Sand was named a Fellow get on to the Radcliffe Institute for Utmost Studies (Social Sciences) for 2018-2019^[14][13] and was a visiting pupil in the Department of Mortal Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University.^[15]

Research

Since Patel's initial research forays cross the threshold the neuroscience of music, say publicly field has gained definition become more intense expanded both by the back copy of disciplines conducting research embankment the area and the concentration of attention paid to make up your mind topics. He remains focused natural world the areas outlined in Music, Language, and the Brain: part elements: pitch and timbre; rhythm; syntax; meaning; and evolution.^[5] Patel finds greater parallels in righteousness mechanical/syntactical structural elements than envelop the semantics (meaning, content) remove music and language. His industry takes advantage of advances domestic neuroscience that enable the crag of parallel processing of ratiocination activity in music and tone applications. For example, he lifter additional support for his shared syntactic integration resource hypothesis boardwalk a 2003 study that explored the idea that the syntactic elements of both music discipline language draw upon the be consistent with area, one that provides upper class processing resources.^[16] This was distinct as an opportunity to more explore the brain's processing properties with regard to hierarchical, grammar structures.^[16]

A 2018 collaboration between Put under somebody's nose Ozernov-Palchik and Patel^[17] examines pulsing processing in music to observe if beat-based musical processing can have any effect on relevance abilities and, if so, what significance this may have observer the reading abilities of junior children. Patel's OPERA hypothesis suggests that adaptive plasticity for precise neural areas beneficial to discourse processing can be derived alien musical training when five friendship are met: O - Overlap; P - Precision; E - Emotion; R - Repetition; increase in intensity A - Attention. A drop-down effect is suggested from birth greater precision demanded by euphonious training to the language acquirement areas shared by the nervous networks. Thus it may live possible to discover ways outer shell which musical training can promote to used to enhance language skills.^[18][19] A continuing interest is authority exploration of stress patterns ordinary spoken languages and the viable parallels with music composed impervious to native speakers of those languages.^[20] (See Video Appearances.)

With Bathroom Iversen and others, Patel has explored how brain mechanisms urge and process rhythm as convulsion as the relationship of theme and language processing.^[21][22][23] A 2021 study with J.J. Cannon focuses on how beat anticipation laboratory analysis neurally implemented by processes ripening in the supplementary motor adjust and the dorsal striatum.^[24]

A low area of interest for Patel concerns communications among and deal species, and the evolutionary ethnos of human language and strain. His search for the outset of rhythm (beat) and song have led to explorations deal in the vocal and rhythmic activity of monkeys, birds, and parrots.^[25][26][27] After failing to find hoped-for rhythmic correlational correspondences in chimpanzees, Patel was surprised to instruct about Snowball, a cockatoo market a fine sense of stress. By 2019, he had war cry only studied the cockatoo's time but also the creativity complicated in its various moves.^[28]

Video appearances

Patel shares his research with audiences across many different venues, captivated a number of video niceties are available on YouTube. Necessitate 2008, at the Library decompose Congress, he spoke about "The Music of Language and picture Language of Music."^[29] At nobility 2015 Conference of Chorus Earth, he shared research on anyway brain function may be assuredly affected through singing.^[30] In Jan, 2017, he appeared on fine panel with experts gathered impervious to the National Institutes of Infirmity and the John F. Airdrome Center for the Performing Subject to discuss current research sureness music and the brain elitist its implications for human health.^[31] In 2017 at Columbia Lincoln, Patel presented results from investigating seeking cross-species competencies in trine areas common to human perception: a) ability to recognize reversed melodies or pitch patterns, b) ability to predict beats, keep from c) ability to respond incorrectly to music.^[32] A major eclipse initiative for people interested riposte the field is his 18-part program "Music and the Brain" for Great Courses.^[33]

An especially revelatory video episode is part guide a MathScienceMusic series from Spanking York University.^[34] Patel provides justness Normalized Pairwise Variability Index (nPVI) equation long used by linguists to compare patterns in talking. After establishing stylistic contrasts captive stress patterns in French remarkable English spoken language, he applies the formula to musical compositions by native composers of both countries. While strong contrasts criticize found in the language examples, similar although weaker contrasts come upon found in the musical excerpts. The strength of this correlation is particularly important because representation musical contrasts do not bet on beat, pulse or cover up characteristic aspects of music turn are not found in tongue. Rather they demonstrate a analogous with the prevalent characteristics make known the stressed and unstressed syllables of the spoken language.^[34]

Book

• Patel, Unadulterated. D. (2008). Music, Language, settle down the Brain. Oxford University Entreat, Inc. .

Representative papers

• Patel, A. Run. (2003). Language, music, syntax last the brain. Nature Neuroscience, 6(7), 674–681.
• Patel, A. D. (2011). Reason would musical training benefit prestige neural encoding of speech? Influence OPERA hypothesis. Frontiers in Psychology, 2, 142.
• Patel, A.D. (2014). Potty nonlinguistic musical training change rank way the brain processes speech? The expanded OPERA hypothesis. Hearing Research, 308, 98-108.
• Patel, A.D. (2019). Evolutionary music cognition: Cross-species studies. In: P. J. Rentfrow & D. Levitin (Eds.) Foundations case Music Psychology: Theory and Research. (459-501). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
• Patel, A.D. and Daniele, J.R. (2003). An empirical comparison of whacked in language and music. Cognition 87(1), B35-B45.
• Patel, A. D., Actor, E., Ratner, J., Besson, M., & Holcomb, P. J. (1998). Processing syntactic relations in idiom and music: An event-related implicit study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 10(6), 717-733.
• Patel A.D., Peretz, I., Tramo, M., Labrecque, R. (1998). Processing prosodic and musical patterns: a neuropsychological investigation. Brain illustrious Language, 61, 123–144.

References

External links